Roof panel

ABSTRACT

A prefabricated roofing panel having an outer sheathing, rafters, insulation, and an interior ceiling material. The panel is configured to fit with other roofing panels to form the roof and ceiling structure of a building. Further the panel is ventilated. The roofing panel allows a building roof, insulation, and ceiling to be pre-fabricated in a shop and then quickly installed into a building.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates generally to roofing. More particularly the present invention relates to a complete roofing panel that may be placed into position to provide the roof of a building and its interior ceiling.

2. Description of Related Art

Conventional roof systems are principally one of three types: Conventionally framed, truss framed, and structural insulated panels. Conventionally framed roofs are the oldest of these systems. They are built on-site, and require no special materials. However, a conventionally framed roof requires skilled labor to properly cut and build the frame. A truss framed roof uses custom-designed frames. After installation of the trusses, interior finish materials and exterior sheathing must be installed. Structural insulated panels incorporate sheathing and insulation, are installed over a structural frame and allow for quicker construction. However, all of these roof systems suffer in that they do not combine all roofing and ceiling elements into a single panel, such that an exterior sheathing, interior ceiling material, and all the elements in between can be installed in a single panel.

Therefore, what is needed is a roofing panel that incorporates all roofing elements that may be prefabricated and easily installed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The subject matter of this application may involve, in some cases, interrelated products, alternative solutions to a particular problem, and/or a plurality of different uses of a single system or article.

In one aspect, a roofing panel is provided. The roofing panel comprises all the elements of the roof, including the roof sheathing at the outer face of the roof, the rafters, insulation, and finished ceiling. In a particular embodiment, the roofing panel comprises a plurality of rafters spaced evenly along the length of the panel, forming at least one lengthwise cavity. Each of the plurality of rafters are attached to a top block, which defines a top widthwise edge of the roofing panel. A sheathing is attached to these plurality of rafters. Strips of insulation are disposed within the spaces between each of the plurality of rafters. A vent space is formed in each lengthwise cavity. The vent space is defined by: the sheathing on the top, two of the plurality of rafters on the sides, and the insulation on the bottom. An interior ceiling material is attached to bottom surfaces of the plurality of rafters, covering the rafters, insulation, and the like. As such the roof panel can be pre-fabricated, and installed in place to form the full roof and ceiling of a building.

In another aspect, a method of making and installing a roof panel is provided. While the order of steps may vary, in one embodiment, the method begins with attaching two rafters to a top block, the two rafters being parallel to each other, the top block being perpendicular to the two rafters. Next, a quantity of insulation may be placed within a cavity formed by the two rafters, and secured therein. A sheathing is attached to top surfaces of the two rafters, forming a base for roof shingles, or similar roofing material. A lengthwise vent space is formed within the cavity defined by the two rafters, the quantity of insulation, and the sheathing. A vapor retarder that covers the cavity formed by the two rafters may be attached to bottom surfaces of the rafters. Next, a plurality of strapping beams may be attached perpendicularly to the bottom of the rafters, over the vapor retarder. The strapping beams are spaced along a length of the two rafters. A second quantity of insulation may be attached in a plurality of spaces between the plurality of strapping beams, and secured therein. Further, an interior ceiling material may then be attached to the plurality of strapping beams. Further, a cavity space may be formed within the spaces between the plurality of strapping beams. The cavity being defined by two of the plurality of strapping beams, the second quantity of insulation, and the interior ceiling material.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 provides a partial cutaway view of an embodiment of the roof panel.

FIG. 2 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of the roof panel.

FIG. 3 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of attachment of two roof panels.

FIG. 4 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of attachment of two roof panels at ridge.

FIG. 5 provides a detail view of an embodiment of a vented block of the roof panel.

FIG. 6 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of attachment of the roof panel to a second roof panel at ridge, to a roof beam, and to a load bearing wall.

FIG. 7 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of attachment of the roof panel to a gable wall.

FIG. 8 provides a cross sectional view of an embodiment of attachment of the roof panel to a load bearing eave wall.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of presently preferred embodiments of the invention and does not represent the only forms in which the present invention may be constructed and/or utilized. The description sets forth the functions and the sequence of steps for constructing and operating the invention in connection with the illustrated embodiments.

Generally, the present invention concerns a roofing panel comprising an outer sheathing, rafters, insulation, and an interior ceiling material. The panel is configured to fit with other roofing panels to form the roof and ceiling structure of a building. Further the panel is ventilated to, for example, prevent accumulation of excess moisture and decay, and allows for effective building insulation. The roofing panel allows a building roof, insulation, and ceiling to be pre-fabricated in a shop and then quickly installed into a building.

The top, or outer, surface of the panel is comprised of a sheathing. The sheathing is a sheet or sheets that overlays the panel. Roofing materials such as shingles, rubber membrane, or the like may be attached to the sheathing.

The sheathing may be any material that may substantially cover the top of the panel. Non limiting examples of sheathing may include wood, particle board, composite materials, plastics, and the like.

A plurality of rafters extend parallel to each other, lengthwise along the panel. The rafters may form a support structure for the panel. When in place on a building, the rafters of the panel may provide a support structure for the roof. The sheathing may be attached to these rafters.

The rafters may be formed as beams or any other elongate elements. Examples of rafter beam size may include 2″×4″, 2″×6″, 2″×10″ and the like. The rafters may be spaced at any interval from each other. In a particular embodiment, rafters may be spaced at 16″ on center. It should be understood that rafter sizing, spacing, and configuration may vary depending on building requirements and conditions.

A top block and start block may be positioned at the top and bottom of the panel, respectively. These blocks run perpendicularly to the rafters, and attach to the ends of the rafters, or attach the rafters together depending on embodiment. Further, in varying embodiments, the sheathing may be attached to the top block, start block, both, or neither.

The top block and start block may be oriented at any angle, depending on embodiment. Further, the top block and start block may be sized similarly to the rafters, may have a height less than the rafters, or a height greater than the rafters.

A quantity of insulation may be disposed in the cavities formed between the rafters. This insulation may be any type of insulation including, but not limited to, fiberglass insulation, spray-in insulation, vacuum panels, foam insulation, and the like.

In one embodiment, the insulation is a rigid foam cavity insulation. In a further particular embodiment, the rigid insulation may be formed of a foam insulating material sandwiched between two reflective films. This rigid insulation is cut and sized to fit approximately flushly within the cavity. The rigid insulation thus forms strips oriented parallel to the rafters. The insulation may be installed along the full length or nearly full length of the rafters, in either a single piece or multiple pieces.

In some embodiments, the insulation may be secured within the cavity by, for example, attachment to the rafters. In a further embodiment, a quantity of expandable foam or expandable insulation may be disposed along the interface of the corners of the rigid insulation and the rafters. In another further embodiment, a sealant, adhesive, or other material may be disposed along the interface of the corners of the rigid insulation and the rafters.

Thickness of the insulation may vary depending on building design, cost, and environment, among others. In one embodiment the insulation may be between 4 and 11 inches deep. In some embodiments, two separate layers of insulation may be used to achieve the desired insulation depth.

A vent space may be formed by the insulation having a depth less than the depth of the rafters. Accordingly, the vent space may be defined by the insulation on a bottom, rafters on the sides, and the sheathing on a top. The vent space may have openings on the upper end by the top block and lower end by the start block of the panel. As such, air may flow through the panel, entering at either end and passing to the other. In a particular embodiment, the vent space may be approximately 1.5″ in height.

A vapor retarder or vapor barrier may be attached to a bottom surface of the rafters (opposite the sheathing) and under the insulation. The vapor retarder may be any thin material capable of at least limiting passage of water, water vapor and/or other gas. In many embodiments, the vapor retarder is a thin plastic membrane. In a particular embodiment, a 6 mil polyethylene membrane is used. However, it should be understood that any other thin structure may suffice for the vapor retarder. Examples of other vapor retarders may include paper, paint, asphalt, asphalt paper, and the like.

In one embodiment, a portion of the vapor retarder may wrap over an edge of the ceiling material at the widthwise edges of the panels. In another embodiment, a portion of the vapor retarder may wrap over a lengthwise edge of the outer rafters.

The lengthwise vent space formed by the panel may be accessible to the outer atmosphere by a vent formed by the start block. The start block may have one or a plurality of holes in it providing ventilation. Alternatively, the start block may have a height less than the height of the rafters. As such, the start block may not reach to a top of the sheathing, thereby forming a vent. The rafters may extend beyond the start block and support a sheathing also extending beyond the start block to shelter the vent from the elements. In some embodiments, a similar structure may form a vent at the top block.

One or a plurality of strapping beams may be positioned across the vapor retarder and attached to the rafters through the vapor retarder. The strapping beams may be oriented perpendicularly to the rafters, and may extend from one widthwise end of the roofing panel to the other. The strapping beams may be any board or beam made of a material capable of being attached to the rafters. Examples of strapping beams may include, but are not limited to, wooden 2″×2″ beams, or 2″×4″ beams. The strapping beams may be attached to the rafters periodically, such as every 16″, every 8″ or every 24″.

In one embodiment, a quantity of secondary insulation may be disposed between the widthwise channels formed between the strapping beams. The secondary insulation may be any insulating material. In one embodiment the secondary insulation may be a rigid foam insulation.

An interior ceiling material is attached to either the rafters or the strapping beams, depending on embodiment. The interior ceiling material may be any material usable as an interior ceiling of a building. The ceiling material may be in a finished condition desirable for a new home or other structure. Examples of ceiling material may include, but are not limited to, sheetrock, plaster, wood paneling, plastic, and the like. The ceiling material may further be painted or stained to enhance the finished appearance.

A widthwise cavity space may be formed by the secondary insulation having a depth less than the height of the strapping beams. Accordingly the cavity space may be formed by the secondary insulation on a top, strapping beams on the sides, and the interior ceiling material on a bottom. For central roof panels, the cavity may have openings on the left and right side ends of the panel, such that air may flow through into an adjacent roof panel. For edge roof panels, the cavity is terminated at one edge of the panel. In a particular embodiment, the cavity may be 0.5″ deep. These cavities may trap air and use this trapped air as an additional layer of insulation, thereby increasing the insulation value of the panel.

The elements described herein may be secured together by structural connectors and/or fasteners known in the art. For example, nails, staples, screws, adhesives, brackets, and the like, or combinations thereof, may be utilized to securely hold the elements in place.

During installation, the roofing panels are attachable along their lengths to provide a flush, secure, and insulated connection. This attachment may be performed in any way capable of providing the required connection.

In one embodiment, a mating structure may be used to join the lengths. In this embodiment, a first side of a first panel may have a sheathing extending from its lateral edge. Similarly, a second side of a second panel to be connected with the first may have a recessed sheathing corresponding to the extending sheathing. As such, the two panels can mate when arranged side by side. Optionally, the first side of the first panel may have a recessed interior ceiling material. Similarly, the second side of the second panel may have a protruding interior ceiling material that fits within the recessed portion of the first panel.

In a further embodiment, adhesive may be further used to supplement the mating connection. The adhesive may be an expandable foam insulation, expandable adhesive, industrial adhesive, two sided tape, foam tape, epoxy, or the like. This adhesive may be disposed on the mating portions, sheathing, rafter edge surfaces, ceiling material, or any combination thereof.

In still a further embodiment, the protruding sheathing and/or ceiling material may be formed as a tongue and groove arrangement such that a tongue portion mates with a groove portion.

The roofing panels may be attached to a building structure on at least a load bearing wall at the bottom of the roof, and to a roof ridge at the top. Additional connections may be made to roof beams running from end to end of the building, parallel to the roof ridge beam. In operation, the roof ridge and optional beams may be visible from the interior of the building in some embodiments. In other embodiments, the roof ridge may have interior ceiling elements added to cover it, as may the optional roof beams. The panels on the building edges are further attached to and supported by load bearing gables.

A panel to gable connection may be achieved in any manner capable of attaching the panel to the gable. Typically, this connection is made along a lengthwise edge or portion of the panel. In some embodiments, the panel is attached so that a small part may extend over the edge of the gable.

In one embodiment, the panel may overhang the gable connection. A screw or other connecter may be used to join the panel to the gable wall. Around this connection may be a sealant such as an expanding foam, rubberized material, epoxy, paint, or the like. In other embodiments, a roof filler material may be used along the connection.

In the portion of the panel extending over the gable wall, additional rigid insulation and strapping may be installed to provide enhanced weatherproofing.

The roofing panel may be attached to a load bearing wall at its bottom end, forming an eave. This attachment may be performed in any manner capable of providing a secure, insulated, and weather resistant connection. Generally, the panel is attached to the wall along either the widthwise edge or along a width of the panel. In some embodiments the panel may extend past the wall. In other embodiments, the panel may have no, or only minimal, extension past the wall.

In one embodiment, the panel may be connected to the wall by a screw or similar connector. A portion of the panel may hang over the edge of the wall, forming an eave. Because the panel is angled when forming the roof, while a top surface of the wall is generally flat, a bearing block may be positioned between the two to facilitate flush attachment.

In some embodiments, a gasket, expanding insulation, or the like may provide a finished and weather resistant connection on an interior interface of the wall and the rafter.

In further embodiments, a chamfer strip or similar structure provides a finished and weather-resistant connection between the panel and exterior wall interface.

At the roof ridge, the roof panels are joined to each other along their top widthwise edge, forming the top of the roof. This joining may be performed in any manner; however it is preferable that the vent space of the panels is allowed access to the atmosphere through the connection.

In one embodiment, the top blocks may have a forward angled orientation, such that when installed in the roof at the roof angle, the top blocks are oriented vertically and parallel with one another. In this embodiment, the opening of the vent space is above the top block and under the sheathing. Further, in this embodiment, the sheathing may be recessed slightly from the front surface of the top block. The panels may then be attached together at their top blocks or rafters using any means including, but not limited to adhesive, foam insulation, expanding insulation, expanding adhesive, screws, nails, clamps, brackets, and the like. Additionally, the roof panel may be attached directly to the roof ridge beam by, for example, a screw, nail, or similar. A bearing block may be positioned between the ridge beam and interior ceiling material of the panel to provide a flush connection between the two. Expanding insulation may further be used to join any spaces between the interior ceiling materials of the panels being joined.

In this embodiment, because the vent space is open to the atmosphere, it must be covered by an adequate structure to prevent weather elements from entering. This structure may be anything that provides the previous requirements. In one embodiment, air permeable spacers may be attached to the sheathing acting as a top piece to cover the space or spaces that allow venting. Attached to a top of each spacer are two beams attached together at an angle. The beams may extend the length of the roof ridge, and have edges that extend over the sheathing. As such, this structure forms a mini-roof that covers the spacing between the sheathings. The air permeable spacers may be blocks attached periodically along the widths of the panel, perforated blocks, metal mesh, and the like.

The panels may be configured to receive one or a plurality of lifting lugs removably attached to the sheathing. These lifting lugs may allow for lifting of the panels into position, typically machine assisted lifting. These lifting lugs may be removably attached to the panels such that once the panel is in place on the roof, they may be removed. Any number of lifting lugs may be used; however one, two, or four are generally preferred. It is further preferable, but not necessary, that the lifting lugs are connected to a rafter in addition to (or in alternative to) the sheathing. For example, the lifting lugs may be screwed through the sheathing into a rafter.

The roofing panels herein described may be pre-fabricated in a shop, and rapidly installed in place on the framing of a structure. Particularly, once the plans for the structure are completed, the sizing and number of panels may be calculated, and then the panels may be constructed. Once it is time for building, the pre-fabricated panels may be brought on site, lifted up to the structure, and installed.

Turning now to FIG. 1, a perspective partial cutaway view of an embodiment of the roof panel is provided. A quantity of sheathing 10 is shown partially cut away. The sheathing covers the components of the roof panel, and provides a covering to which the roofing material may be attached. Beneath the sheathing 10 are a plurality of rafters 11 arranged parallel to each other and spaced apart from each other at approximately even intervals. The rafters 11 form the structure of the roof panel. The rafters 11 are attached at a top end to a top block 13 and at a bottom end to a start block 12. Insulation 17 is disposed between the cavities formed between the rafters 11.

A vapor retarder 15 is attached to a bottom surface of the rafters, covering the rafters and the insulation. A plurality of strapping boards 14, 16 are attached to a bottom surface of the rafters 11, through the vapor retarder 15. In this embodiment, two sizes of strapping boards are used. A 2×2 strapping, 14 and a 2×4 strapping 16. The plurality of strapping boards 14, 16 are arranged perpendicularly to the rafters 11 and spaced at approximately even intervals. Insulation 19 is disposed between the cavities formed between the strapping boards 14, 16.

An interior ceiling material 18 is attached to the strapping boards 14, 16, and indirectly attached to the rafters 11 supporting the strapping boards 14, 16. The interior ceiling material 18 is a finished material such that the roof panel can be prefabricated and installed in place with only minimal labor.

FIG. 2 shows a cross sectional view of another embodiment of the roof panel. This view provides a cross sectional view of the roof panel looking along the lengths of the rafters 11. Sheathing 10 is attached to a top surface of the rafters 11 and covers the roofing panel. Insulation 17 is disposed within the cavities formed between the rafters 11. This insulation 17 does not reach to a top of the rafters 11, therefore, there is a vent spacing 22 formed by the insulation 17, rafters 11, and sheathing 10. These vent spaces extend along a length of the rafters 11 and allow ventilation through the length of the roof panel. Attached to a bottom of the rafters 11 and oriented substantially perpendicularly to the rafters 11 is a strapping board 14. The interior ceiling material 18 is attached to the strapping board 14 in this embodiment. However, it should be understood that the interior ceiling material 18 may be directly attached to the rafters 11, or to the rafters 11 through strapping boards 14 or insulation 19 (of FIG. 1).

FIG. 3 provides a side cross sectional view of a joining of sides of two roof panels. Panel A and Panel B are attached together along their edges during roof formation. In this embodiment, an adhesive 31 is used to provide a flush, weather proof connection. To facilitate a secure attachment, a sheathing 10 on panel A is recessed 30 from the edge of the end-rafter 11. Further, a sheathing 10 of panel B protrudes 32 from the end rafter 11. As such, when aligned along their edges, the sheathings of panel A and Panel B mate, with protrusion 32 covering part of panel A. Similarly, a ceiling material 18 of panel A protrudes 33 past a end-rafter 11, while a ceiling material 18 of panel B is recessed 34 from the end-rafter 11. When panel A and B are aligned along their edges, the ceiling materials 18 of panel A and panel B mate, with protrusion 33 covering a part of panel B.

FIG. 4 provides a detail view showing an embodiment of attachment of two roof panels at a roof ridge. In this embodiment, two roof panels are attached, forming a peak of the roof, at their top ends along the top blocks 13. In this embodiment, screws 44 or similar attachment devices may extend from a top of the roof panel to a roof ridge beam 20, holding the roof panels thereto. The sheathing 10 of each panel can be seen, along with the vent space 22, the insulation 17, strapping boards 14, and interior ceiling material 18. The vent spaces 22 can be seen to provide communication between an interior of the panel to the atmosphere. A spacing 47 is formed along the top blocks 13 at the ridge connection of two panels. Within this spacing 47, an insulation, adhesive, or other filler may be disposed to fill this gap and protect the panel and building interior from the elements. Further, a bearing block 45 may be triangularly shaped to provide a flush connection between the angled roof panels and the flat ridge beam 20. Moreover, a quantity of expanding insulation 46 is used to fill any spacing between the roof panels and bearing block.

A vent space cover structure 40 is positioned over panels C and D on the area where they join, but are exposed to the atmosphere. The top piece structure 40 protects the ventilation from direct exposure to the elements. In this embodiment, the vent space cover 40 is formed as an angled cover. A first piece 41 is shown as a board or plank that extends along a width of the panel or panels. The first piece 41 joins to a second piece 42 at an angle, forming an angled connection. In this embodiment, the vent space cover 40 acts as something of a ‘mini-roof’. Like the first piece 41, the second piece 42 is formed as a board, or plank. First and second portion 41, 42 cover the spacing formed by the vent portions 22 and extend over the sheathing 10, protecting the vent portions 22 from direct exposure to the elements. The first and second portions 41, 42 are attached to the sheathing 10 by spacers 43. The spacers 43 extend first and second portion 41, 42 away from the sheathing 10. Further, the spacers 43 are at least partially air permeable, allowing the vent portion 22 to vent to atmosphere.

FIG. 5 provides a frontal view of an embodiment of a vented start block. The vented start block 12 is surrounded by rafters 11 on its sides, and a sheathing 10 on its top. In the start block 12, three apertures 50 are formed. A circular central aperture, a two triangular corner apertures. The apertures 50 provided a vent to the vent space (not shown). It should be understood that the start block 12 may be vented in any manner, and that aperture orientation, shape and size may vary.

FIG. 6 provides a side cutaway view of panels attached to a load bearing wall and roof ridge. The panel is attached to a load bearing wall 21, roof beam 60, and ridge beam 20. Screws, such as screw 61 attach the roof panel to beam 60. A bearing block 63 provides a flush connection between the angled roof and flat beam surface. Similarly screw 61 connects the roof panel to load bearing wall 21. A bearing block 62 provides flush connection between the angled roof panel and flat top of the load bearing wall 21.

An eave connection to the load bearing wall 21 of the roof panels in an installed position is configured to provide ventilation to the vent space 22. The sheathing 10 extends past the end block 12 and may be supported by rafters 11. An eave block 64 is connected to the sheathing 10 and extends past a bottom of the roof panel. Under the eave block 64 is a vent structure. A bottom surface panel 65 extends past the load bearing wall 21, and forms a venting region 67 between the panel 65 and the eave block 64. A chamfer strip 66 extends along the bottom surface 65 and the load bearing wall 21.

FIG. 7 provides a detail view of a gable overhang connecting an edge of a roof panel to a load bearing wall. The edge of the panel is attached to the wall by screw 76. An additional section 70 of the roof panel extends past the wall 73. The additional section 70 ends at rafter 71, and comprises an extended sheathing 10 on a top surface, and a bottom sheathing 75 on a bottom surface. A spacer 72 is attached between the wall 73 and additional section 70. Any space on an interior of the wall between the wall and panel is filled with an expanding insulation 74. The section of the panel extending past the gable connection is, in some embodiments, non-insulated, and merely provides an overhang for the roofing, and for cosmetic effect.

FIG. 8 provides an embodiment of a plumb eave connection of the roof panel to a load bearing wall. In this embodiment, the start block 12 defines the end of the panel. This start block 12 may be vented, as shown for example in FIG. 5, to provide air access to the vent space 22. A screw 80 connects the panel to the load bearing wall 21. In this embodiment, the start block 12 is angled toward the sheathing 10, such that the start block 12 is approximately vertically oriented when the panel is mounted to the building.

The insulating value of the roof panels is a vital element to their design. Because hot air rises, the roof panels, when installed on a roof must have an insulating value high enough to prevent this heated air from escaping into the atmosphere.

In one embodiment, a panel may have an R value (measure of thermal resistance) of approximately 44+/−5. In this embodiment, insulation 17 may comprise a 4 inch thick foam insulation, along with a foil energy shield. Further, insulation 19 may be a 2 inch think foam insulation. These insulations, combined with the air cavity and building materials provide an R value of 44.

In another embodiment, a panel may have an R value of approximately 55+/−5. In this embodiment, insulation 17 may comprise a 4 inch thick foam insulation, along with a foil energy shield. Further, insulation 19 may be a 4 inch think foam insulation. These insulations, combined with the air cavity and building materials provide an R value of 55. In an alternative embodiment, the insulation 17 may include two 4 inch thick foam insulation panels, omitting insulation 19.

In another embodiment, a panel may have an R value of approximately 66+/−5. In this embodiment, insulation 17 may comprise two panels of 4 inch thick foam insulation stacked on top of each other, along with a foil energy shield. Further, insulation 19 may be a 2 inch think foam insulation. These insulations, combined with the air cavity and building materials provide an R value of 66. In an alternative embodiment, the insulation 17 may include two 4 inch thick foam insulation panels, omitting insulation 19.

While several variations of the present invention have been illustrated by way of example in preferred or particular embodiments, it is apparent that further embodiments could be developed within the spirit and scope of the present invention, or the inventive concept thereof. However, it is to be expressly understood that such modifications and adaptations are within the spirit and scope of the present invention, and are inclusive, but not limited to the following appended claims as set forth. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A roofing panel comprising: a plurality of parallel, spaced-apart rafters, a space between each of the plurality of rafters forming a plurality of lengthwise cavities, each of the plurality of rafters attached to a top block, the top block defining a top widthwise edge of the roofing panel; a sheathing attached to a top surface of each of the plurality of rafters, covering the plurality of rafters and the plurality of lengthwise cavities; a plurality of insulations, one of the plurality of insulations disposed in each of the lengthwise cavities; a plurality of vent spaces, each of the plurality of vent spaces defined by two of the plurality of rafters, the sheathing, and one of the plurality of insulations; an interior ceiling material attached to a bottom surface of each of the plurality of rafters covering the plurality of rafters and the cavities; and wherein the plurality of insulations are configured to provide an R value of the panel selected from the group consisting of approximately 44, 55, and
 66. 2. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising: a plurality of strapping beams positioned between the interior ceiling material and the bottom surface of the rafters, the plurality of strapping beams oriented perpendicularly to the plurality of rafters, and attached to at least two of the plurality of rafters, the plurality of strapping beams forming a plurality of widthwise channels; a second plurality of insulations, one of the second plurality of insulations positioned in each of the plurality of widthwise channels; and wherein the interior ceiling material is directly connected to the plurality of strapping beams.
 3. The roofing panel of claim 2 further comprising a widthwise cavity space defined by two of the plurality of strapping beams, one of the second plurality of insulations, and the interior ceiling material.
 4. The roofing panel of claim 2 wherein each of the second plurality of insulations is a rigid foam insulation.
 5. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the each of the plurality of insulations is a rigid foam insulation.
 6. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising a vapor retarder attached to the bottom of the plurality of rafters between the plurality of rafters and the interior ceiling material, the vapor retarder covering the plurality of rafters and the plurality of lengthwise cavities.
 7. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of start blocks, each of the plurality of start blocks joining two of the plurality of rafters.
 8. The roofing panel of claim 7 wherein each of the plurality of rafters extends past each of the plurality of start blocks.
 9. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein the top block is angled forward.
 10. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein a first side of the panel has a portion of the sheathing extending past an outer edge of one of the plurality of rafters on an edge of the roofing panel, and wherein a second side of the panel has a portion of the sheathing recessed from another of the plurality of rafters on an opposite edge of the roofing panel.
 11. The roofing panel of claim 1 wherein a first side of the panel has a portion of the interior ceiling material recessed from an outer edge of one of the plurality of rafters on an edge of the roofing panel, and wherein a second side of the panel has a portion of the interior ceiling material protruding past an outer edge of another of the plurality of rafters on an opposite edge of the roofing panel.
 12. The roofing panel of claim 1 further comprising a lifting lug removably attached to the sheathing.
 13. A building having a plurality of the roofing panels of claim 1 joined together and attached to the building, forming a roof, each of the plurality of roofing panels attached to a load bearing wall at a bottom end, and a roof ridge beam at a top end.
 14. A roofing panel comprising: two rafters arranged parallel to each other, a space between the two rafters defining a lengthwise cavity, the two rafters attached to a top block defining a top widthwise edge of the roofing panel; a sheathing attached to a top surface of each of the two rafters, and covering the plurality of rafters and the lengthwise cavity; a quantity of insulation disposed in lengthwise cavity; a vent space defined by the two rafters, the sheathing, and the quantity of insulation; an interior ceiling material attached to a bottom surface of the two rafters covering the two rafters and the cavity.
 15. The roofing panel of claim 14 further comprising: a plurality of strapping beams positioned between the interior ceiling material and the bottom surface of the two rafters, the plurality of strapping beams oriented perpendicularly to the two rafters, and forming a plurality of widthwise channels, one of the widthwise channels being between two of the plurality of strapping beams; a second plurality of insulations, one of the second plurality of insulations positioned in each of the plurality of widthwise channels; a widthwise cavity space defined by two of the plurality of strapping beams, one of the second plurality of insulations, and the interior ceiling material; and wherein the plurality of insulations are configured to provide an R value of the panel that is one of approximately 44, 55, or
 66. 16. The roofing panel of claim 14 further comprising a vapor retarder attached to the bottom of the plurality of rafters between the rafters and the interior ceiling material, the vapor retarder covering the plurality of rafters and the cavities
 17. The roofing panel of claim 15 wherein the plurality of strapping beams are attached to the two rafters, and wherein the interior ceiling material is directly attached to the strapping beams.
 18. The roofing panel of claim 14 wherein a first side of the panel has a portion of the sheathing extending past an outer edge of one of the two rafters, and wherein a second side of the panel has a portion of the sheathing recessed from an outer edge of the other of the two rafters.
 19. The roofing panel of claim 14 wherein the quantity of insulation is a rigid foam insulation comprising a foam insulation layer, a first reflective layer on a top of the foam insulation layer, and a second reflective layer on a bottom of the foam insulation layer.
 20. A method of making and installing a roofing panel comprising: attaching two rafters to a top block, the two rafters being parallel to each other, the top block being perpendicular to the two rafters; placing a quantity of insulation in a cavity between the two rafters; securing the quantity of insulation within the cavity; attaching a sheathing to a top surface of the two rafters; forming a lengthwise vent space within the cavity between the two rafters, the lengthwise vent space defined by the two rafters, the quantity of insulation, and the sheathing; attaching a vapor retarder to a bottom of the rafters, the vapor retarder covering the cavity; attaching a plurality of strapping beams along a length of the two rafters, the plurality of strapping beams being attached perpendicularly to the two rafters; placing a second quantity of insulation in each of a plurality of spaces between the plurality of strapping beams; securing the second quantity of insulation within the paces spaces; attaching an interior ceiling material to the plurality of strapping beams; forming a cavity within the spaces between the plurality of strapping beams, the vent space defined by two of the plurality of strapping beams, the second quantity of insulation, and the interior ceiling material; selecting the quantity of insulation and the second quantity of insulation such that an R value of the roofing panel is one of 44, 55 or 66; and wherein the above steps are performed before a step of attaching the roofing panel to a load bearing wall at a bottom end of the panel, and to a roof ridge beam at a top end of the panel. 